Obezitenin ergenlik \u00e7a\u011f\u0131ndaki gen\u00e7lerde beyin hasar\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyen Genel Cerrahi Uzman\u0131 Prof. Dr. Kamil G\u00fclp\u0131nar, Amerika\u2019da yap\u0131lan ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 yeni a\u00e7\u0131klanan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya g\u00f6re, kilolar\u0131 12-16 ya\u015f aras\u0131 ki\u015filerin MR bulgular\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve obezitenin ergenlerde beynin hasar\u0131na neden oldu\u011funun saptand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtti. Prof. Dr. G\u00fclp\u0131nar,\u00a0\u201cDaha \u00e7ok eri\u015fkinleri etkiledi\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz obezite, ergenlerde de \u00e7ok yayg\u0131n hale geliyor. \u00c7ocuklar\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir birey olarak eri\u015fkinli\u011fe ad\u0131m atmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in obezite ve buna ba\u011fl\u0131 geli\u015fen rahats\u0131zl\u0131klarla m\u00fccadele etmek gerekiyor\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n
Kuzey Amerika Radyoloji Derne\u011fi\u2019nin (RSNA) yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ile ilgili Medikal Akademi Ankara Temsilcisi Hatice Pala Kaya\u2019ya a\u00e7\u0131klamalarda bulunan Prof. G\u00fclp\u0131nar, obezitenin ergenlerde beyin hasar\u0131 riski olu\u015fturmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir bulgu oldu\u011funun alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izdi.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
Obezitenin ergenlerde beyin hasar\u0131na neden oldu\u011fu saptand\u0131<\/h2>\n
Ara\u015ft\u0131rma sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n her obez ergende beyin hasar\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelmedi\u011fini fakat obezitenin riski art\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirten Prof. Dr. Kamil G\u00fclp\u0131nar, \u015fu bilgileri verdi: \u201cBu ara\u015ft\u0131rma, \u00e7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 obezite a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7ok de\u011ferli. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc daha \u00e7ok eri\u015fkinleri etkiledi\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz bir hastal\u0131k olan obezite ve buna ba\u011fl\u0131 geli\u015fen rahats\u0131zl\u0131klar, asl\u0131nda \u00e7ok daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ya\u015flarda ba\u015fl\u0131yor. MR bulgular\u0131na g\u00f6re, ergenlerin kilo almas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak, obeziteye ikincil beynin baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinde baz\u0131 hasarlar geli\u015fti\u011fi saptanm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n
\u00c7ocuklar\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir birey olarak eri\u015fkinli\u011fe ad\u0131m atmalar\u0131 \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli. O nedenle obezite ile m\u00fccadeleye sadece \u00e7ocukluk ya\u015flar\u0131nda de\u011fil, ergenlik ya\u015flar\u0131nda da \u00e7ok dikkat etmek gerekiyor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc obezite s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ok art\u0131yor. Bunu bize ba\u015fvuran hasta say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan da g\u00f6rebiliyoruz.\u201d<\/p>\n
Obezite beyinde nas\u0131l hasara yol a\u00e7\u0131yor?<\/h2>\n
Obezitenin t\u00fcm v\u00fccutta iltihaplanmaya yol a\u00e7an sistemik, inflamatuar bir hastal\u0131k oldu\u011funa i\u015faret eden Prof. Dr. G\u00fclp\u0131nar, \u015funlar\u0131 kaydetti:\u00a0\u201cObezitenin kendisi inflamasyona yani iltihaba (buna enfeksiyonsuz iltihap diyebiliriz) yol a\u00e7an sistemik bir hastal\u0131k. Yani sadece beyinde de\u011fil, b\u00fct\u00fcn organlarda bunu yap\u0131yor. Beyinde de yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ile g\u00f6sterilmi\u015f. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmada bahsedilen \u015fey, bir inflamasyon.<\/p>\n
\u0130nflamasyonu art\u0131ran bir\u00e7ok sitokin hormon salg\u0131lan\u0131yor periferik ya\u011f dokusundan. Ya\u011f dokusu artt\u0131k\u00e7a, bu sitokinlerin inflamasyonu, \u015fiddeti de art\u0131yor. \u0130nflamasyona ikincil de beyin hasar\u0131 tespit edilmi\u015f. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n bizim i\u00e7in \u00f6nemi, buradan kaynaklan\u0131yor. Di\u011fer organlarda bunu yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 zaten biliyorduk; b\u00f6breklerde, karaci\u011ferde vs. Karaci\u011ferde ya\u011flanmaya ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak karaci\u011fer iltihab\u0131 geli\u015fiyor ki, bu ilerleyen y\u0131llarda mesela; Amerika\u2019da en fazla siroza neden olacak hastal\u0131k olarak \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Amerika\u2019da obezite \u00e7ok yayg\u0131n. Hi\u00e7bir e\u015flik eden hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z olmasa bile, obezite kendisi bir hastal\u0131k.\u201d<\/p>\n
Prof. Dr. G\u00fclp\u0131nar, ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n obez ergenlerin normal kilolar\u0131na d\u00f6nd\u00fckten sonra beyindeki hasar\u0131n iyile\u015fip-iyile\u015fmedi\u011fine dair bir i\u00e7eri\u011fi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bunun i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 bir bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma gerekti\u011fini belirtti.<\/p>\n
Obezite \u00e7ok say\u0131da hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131<\/h2>\n
Obezitenin ergenlerde bir\u00e7ok hastal\u0131\u011fa sebep oldu\u011funu vurgulayan Prof. Dr. Kamil G\u00fclp\u0131nar, \u201cErgenlerde Tip 2 diyabet, maalesef obeziteye ikincil olarak s\u0131k\u00e7a kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanan bir hastal\u0131k. Endokrinolog arkada\u015flar ergenleri tedavi ediyor, biz de 15 ya\u015f ve \u00fczerindeki hastalar\u0131 obeziteye sekonder Tip 2 diyabetleri varsa, ameliyat endikasyonlar\u0131 do\u011fdu\u011fu i\u00e7in ameliyat ediyoruz\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n
\u0130nternet kullan\u0131m\u0131 ergenlerde yeme davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 etkiliyor<\/h2>\n
Bilgisayar ve internet kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n hayat\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nemli oranda etkiledi\u011fini dile getiren Prof. Dr. G\u00fclp\u0131nar, internet kullan\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in bilgisayar ba\u015f\u0131nda ge\u00e7irilen uzun saatlerin \u00e7ocuklarda hareketsizlik ile birlikte yeme d\u00fczeninin de\u011fi\u015fmesini de beraberinde getirdi\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
Prof. Dr. G\u00fclp\u0131nar, \u201c\u00d6zellikle son 15-20 y\u0131lda bilgisayar oyunlar\u0131, internet ve bunun beraberinde getirdi\u011fi hareketsiz ya\u015fam \u00e7ocuklar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ve ergenlerimizi vurdu. Bu s\u0131rada da hem \u00e7ok sa\u011fl\u0131ks\u0131z besinler t\u00fcketiyorlar, hem \u00e7ok fazla oturuyorlar. Yine Sosyal medya kullan\u0131m\u0131, yeme davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 etkilemesinin haricinde hareket k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na neden oluyor.<\/p>\n
\u00c7ok fazla haz\u0131r g\u0131da t\u00fcketiliyor. Bunlarda \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek oranda kalori, ins\u00fclin dengesini bozacak baz\u0131 \u015fekerler, yiyecekleri lezzetli hale getirmek i\u00e7in katk\u0131 maddeleri bulunuyor. Bunlar\u0131n hepsi hem obeziteye hem de ba\u015fka sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131na yol a\u00e7\u0131yor\u201d diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n
\u00c7ocuklarda obezitede ailelerin rol\u00fc; ebeveynler neler yapabilir?<\/h2>\n
\u00c7ocuklar\u0131 obeziteden korumak i\u00e7in ebeveynlere de uyar\u0131larda bulunan Prof. Dr. Kamil G\u00fclp\u0131nar, al\u0131nabilecek \u00f6nlemlerle ilgili \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yledi:\u00a0\u201c\u00d6ncelikle anneler ve babalar \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 haz\u0131r g\u0131dalardan uzak tutmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmal\u0131. \u00c7ocuklar\u0131n bilgisayar ba\u015f\u0131nda ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi s\u00fcreyi azalt\u0131p, bu s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde t\u00fcketece\u011fi g\u0131dalar konusunda mutlaka m\u00fcdahil olmal\u0131. Cipsler, abur cuburlar yerine m\u00fcmk\u00fcnse meyve ve daha sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 besinler t\u00fcketmesini sa\u011flamak gerekli. \u00c7ocuklar\u0131na egzersiz al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kazand\u0131rmal\u0131lar. Bunlara dikkat ederek, obezite ile m\u00fccadele edilebilir.\u201d<\/p>\n
Prof. Dr. G\u00fclp\u0131nar, s\u0131nav kayg\u0131s\u0131, uyku bozuklu\u011fu gibi ergenlerin g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fam \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131n da obeziteye etkisi oldu\u011funu hat\u0131rlatarak, ders \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken hareketsiz kal\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulad\u0131.<\/p>\n
S\u0131navlar\u0131n strese yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, hem ders \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken hem de stresli d\u00f6nemlerde \u00e7ok\u00e7a yemek yenilebildi\u011fini ifade eden G\u00fclp\u0131nar, \u201cEbeveynler, \u2018spora ya da egzersize g\u00f6nderirsek bu \u00e7ocu\u011fu derslerinden geri kal\u0131r, \u015fu kadar saat daha az \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f olur\u2019 diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnebiliyor. Halbuki \u00f6yle de\u011fil. Hepimizin sosyal olarak kendimize ay\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z vakitler var. O \u00e7ocuk mutlaka televizyon seyrediyor, ba\u015fka \u015feyler de yap\u0131yor. Oray\u0131 daha k\u0131s\u0131tlay\u0131p, egzersize daha fazla zaman ay\u0131rmak laz\u0131m. Egzersiz bir zaman kayb\u0131 de\u011fildir. Hatta s\u0131navda daha ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 hale getirir, daha zinde tutar\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n
Anne-babas\u0131 a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kilolu olan \u00e7ocuklar gelecekte obez oluyor<\/h2>\n
Obezitenin ailevi y\u00f6n\u00fcne de de\u011finen Prof. Dr. G\u00fclp\u0131nar, anne veya babadan herhangi biri obez ise \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n da obez olma ihtimalinin \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek oldu\u011funu kaydetti. Bu sorunun temelinde genetik miras ve ebeveynlerin hatalar\u0131, aile i\u00e7indeki beslenme al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n da etkili oldu\u011funu belirten Prof. Dr. G\u00fclp\u0131nar, \u201cObeziteye neden olan genler tam olarak ke\u015ffedilmemi\u015f ama \u00e7ok fazla bir genetik aktar\u0131m var. Anne-baba ikisi birden obez ise, \u00e7ocu\u011fun neredeyse obez olmama \u015fans\u0131 yok. Hem anne hem baba \u015fi\u015fmansa, o ailede obezite olu\u015fturacak bir beslenme al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 var demektir.<\/p>\n
Demek ki yanl\u0131\u015f besleniyorlar veya hayat tarzlar\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015f ya da hi\u00e7 hareket etmiyorlar. Genelde hamur i\u015fini \u00e7ok seven bir toplumuz. Bunu \u00e7ok abartan ailelerde de bu ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz oluyor. O t\u00fcr ailelerde \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n obez olmama \u015fans\u0131 neredeyse hi\u00e7 yok. Buradan \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n obez olup olmayaca\u011f\u0131 konusunda bir \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131m yapabiliyoruz\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n
Cerrahi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn kat\u0131 kurallar\u0131 var<\/h2>\n
Obez hastalara y\u00f6nelik cerrahi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlerin de bulundu\u011funu hat\u0131rlatan Prof. Dr. Kamil G\u00fclp\u0131nar, \u201cBen kiloluyum diyen herkesi ameliyat etmiyoruz. Bu \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli. Bu estetik ameliyat da de\u011fildir, sa\u011fl\u0131k i\u00e7in yap\u0131l\u0131r\u201d uyar\u0131s\u0131nda bulundu.<\/p>\n
V\u00fccut kitle indeksinin \u00f6nemli bir kriter oldu\u011funu, 35-40 ya\u015f aras\u0131nda obeziteye e\u015flik eden hastal\u0131klar gibi kriterlere ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak ameliyat \u00f6nerildi\u011fini belirten G\u00fclp\u0131nar, \u201cSon d\u00f6nemde \u00e7\u0131kan yay\u0131nlar, obezite cerrahisi ile ilgili toplant\u0131larda sunulan bildiriler sonunda ortak bir konsensus karar\u0131 var. V\u00fccut kitle indeksi 32-35 aras\u0131nda olup, kontrols\u00fcz \u015feker hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olanlara da art\u0131k obezite cerrahisini uygulayabiliyoruz\u201d bilgisini verdi.<\/p>\n
Obezitenin maliyeti<\/h2>\n
Obezitenin ki\u015filer \u00fczerindeki sa\u011fl\u0131k etkilerinin \u00f6nemli boyutta oldu\u011funu fakat maliyet fakt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn de g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilmemesi gereken bir durum olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 dile getiren Prof. Dr. G\u00fclp\u0131nar, obezitenin ki\u015fisel ve ulusal d\u00fczeyde ekonomiye \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde bir y\u00fck getirdi\u011fini kaydetti.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kilonun bir\u00e7ok y\u00f6nden sa\u011fl\u0131\u011fa zarar verdi\u011fine i\u015faret eden Prof. Dr. Kamil G\u00fclp\u0131nar \u015funlar\u0131 kaydetti:\u00a0\u201cObezite birinci olarak, olu\u015fturdu\u011fu sa\u011fl\u0131k problemleri nedeniyle \u00e7ok ciddi bir ekonomik y\u00fck. \u00d6zellikle sosyal devletler, halklar\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile birebir ilgilenen devletler i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir ekonomik y\u00fck haline geliyor \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu hastalar sadece \u015fi\u015fman olmakla kalm\u0131yor bir\u00e7ok ek problem ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Mesela; diz ameliyat\u0131 oluyorlar, \u015feker hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile m\u00fccadele ediyorlar, hipertansiyon hastas\u0131 oluyorlar, bunlar i\u00e7in ila\u00e7lar kullan\u0131yorlar.<\/p>\n
Bu hastalar daha fazla kansere yakalan\u0131yorlar, kanser ameliyatlar\u0131 oluyorlar, tedavi g\u00f6r\u00fcyorlar. Bunlar pahal\u0131 tedaviler. Sa\u011fl\u0131k a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z zaman \u00e7ok maliyetli bir hastal\u0131k obezite. Di\u011fer a\u00e7\u0131dan bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda ise, morbid obez hastalarda i\u015f kayb\u0131 oluyor, i\u015fte verim kayb\u0131 oluyor, hastalar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu depresyon ile bo\u011fu\u015fuyor, antidepresan kullan\u0131yorlar. Neresinden bakarsan\u0131z \u00e7ok ciddi bir ekonomik problem ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Her ne kadar obezite ameliyatlar\u0131n\u0131n maliyetleri vs. konu\u015fulsa da asl\u0131nda b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulunduruldu\u011funda \u00e7ok daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck maliyetli bir tedavi oluyor. Bu hastalar ameliyat olduktan veya ilgili tedaviyi ald\u0131ktan sonra sa\u011fl\u0131klar\u0131na kavu\u015fuyorlar, kulland\u0131klar\u0131 ila\u00e7lar\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131yorlar. Hayata kat\u0131l\u0131yorlar, i\u015f verimi art\u0131yor yani inan\u0131lmaz bir ekonomik kazan\u00e7 oluyor.\u201d<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Obezitenin ergenlik \u00e7a\u011f\u0131ndaki gen\u00e7lerde beyin hasar\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyen Genel Cerrahi Uzman\u0131 Prof. Dr. Kamil G\u00fclp\u0131nar, Amerika\u2019da yap\u0131lan ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 yeni a\u00e7\u0131klanan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya g\u00f6re, kilolar\u0131 12-16 ya\u015f aras\u0131 ki\u015filerin MR bulgular\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve obezitenin ergenlerde beynin hasar\u0131na neden oldu\u011funun saptand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtti. Prof. Dr. G\u00fclp\u0131nar,\u00a0\u201cDaha \u00e7ok eri\u015fkinleri etkiledi\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz obezite, ergenlerde de \u00e7ok yayg\u0131n hale […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":968,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[63],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-967","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-makaleler"],"yoast_head":"\n
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